Sulfur dye and process of making same.



5 my me fatent, pa he coi@ potash ycock in e mw 1C acm,

- ARD from y y ware d made nl chou ed, o rent from Mering got:

mi; l

:dat lys d 1mm n te copper sulfate to increase their fastness to light. .salt bath with the addition oit sodium sullid or salsoda-and arc of a strength incornparably greater than that ofWCachoude Laval. I

`While it is probable that al: a certain stage oi iny process Cachcn de Laval is formed, my process does not stop at that stage but .continues by the further application 4o' heat until a diii'erent substance is formed.

l'. have sulfured a great variety of noncrystalli'fzable polysaccliarids by my `process, and have uniitornily obtained satisfactory results. l have used for instance: cornstarch, potato starch, Wheat starch, wheat Hour, rice starch, tapioca, Sago, arrmvroo,

lsoluble starch, iodized starch, corn dextriu,

potato and various commercial brands ot dextrin, gum arabic, gum tragacanth, flax seed, aloes, turmericI and Wood sawdust. ',lll'iesulfuring agcntswhich l prefer to use are sodium sultid crystals, NagS-l-QAQ, and sulfur. l may secure similar results by using caustic soda and sulfur, (iicarbonate of soda and sulfur. f

have found that certain differences exist among the polysz'iccharids as regards their react-ibility with the'sulfuring` agents. Thus the starches and guru arabic eten at a boiling temperature begin to react with the sulfuring agents At 1,40 (l. the reaction goes forward well. W ith increase ot temperature this continues, and the product finished at 200-2300 C. On the other hand WithWood-sawdust no reaction occurs at all until the temperature is over 200 C. and the finished result-sare secured at about 25o? C.

The differences in reaetibility noted correspond in a small Way to differences inthe resultant coloring n'iatters. .lhc coloringv matters from the starches and ,quin arabic are somewhat blacker and redder than that 'doubtless allY the resultin'- obtained from Wood sawdust. This latter distinguished by a yellowish tone. The .shades of the resultant coloring matters, however, 'are all darli to black browns. The products from the starches and-gum arabic are 'practically identical in shade. While it is possible to obtain Wider Variations in shade by stopping the process before the greatest concentration of color is developed, this is ui'idesirable, and it may be said that products are individuals of a family oli coloringmatters closely alliedto each other it not perhaps practically identical in chemical coinposi# tion. Those roducts are all distinguished by their excel ent fastness to'alkalies, ac1ds and fulling. This ,fastncss' is increased' by atlertroatinent with bi'chroiuate ot' potash `ehromiun'i fluorid, or bluestone.

They are sonnnvhat relatively '.ii'rferior as regards their tastness to'light, but this latter can,

They dye cotton directly in a.

be improved greatly vby `attertreating the products With bluestone';

The following exainp ivill serve to illustrate the manner in. which coloring .mat-

ters may' be produced :troni the noncrystalH linable polysaccharide by iny pr cess.

z'zcamplc Corn, fac/cat or potuto .sm/10ft fused as a. basis. nto a suitable `crucible Weigh out t3() grains et sodium sullid c *J tais, le grains et sulfur and add i200 c.

of water. l'ring to a boil. Then add l5 grams of Wheat, corn or potato starch Worked up into a thin paste with 50 c. c. o cold Water. Bring to a. boil, and evaporate the Water. Raise the temperature slowly to not upto standard strength, its maximum,

the heat-ing should be continued for another halt' hour at 20C-220 G. The substance obtained by this process is readily soluble. 1n

,cold water to a greenish black solution;

readily soluble in cold alcohol, cold caustic and carbonate of soda solutions; and dyes cotton in the regular salt bath fast. dart;

brown shades inclined to a reddish 'tone with the assistance of sodium sultid or sal soda. The coloring` matter is a dry, pulverizable substance, which does not at ract moisture on standing, and loses practically none o t' its tinctorial power on ordinary exposer-cto air. [incumple U. Salud/ust used as .a bass.- Into a suitable Crucible 'weigh out GO grains ot' sodium suliid crystals, l5 grains ot sulfur and 200 c. c. oil' water. Bring to a boil at once, and add 15` grains of wood sawdust. Boil one hour. No reaction takes place, but experin'icnts have shown that better results are obtained Willi this preliminary boil probably because the sawdust'. thereby be-l comes Well impregnated with the sulfuringv agent. A tenuwraturc slowly to 2590 C., und heat at that temperature for forty to si: minutes in a closed vessel. Burningtelas place il the Crucible is open and exposed to the air. The mass must be Well stirred occasionally to-.iisure a uniform react-ion. lThe resulting substance has the same general chemical properties as the substance'producedby the process cited in Example Il, and dyes cotton a. somewhat less darli and yello ver shadevv [firm/gole UI. (lum, arabic mcd as a', basfia-r3ubstitute in Example' l gun; arabic for the starch and add slightly more Water during the preliminary boil. The i,esultino' substance has the' same general ,chemical lill! llt? 

